“Best Russian encyclopedias, dictionaries and other reference titles online”
RUBRICON (www.rubricon.com) Russia's largest reference site, presents a unique collection of best Russian encyclopedias, dictionaries and other reference titles along with broad choice of search options and services to suit any data miner's needs.
Website contains full electronic versions of 58 encyclopedias and dictionaries, comprised of 572,000 articles, 80,000 illustrations and maps; the first 19 books of a planned business education library. All articles preserve special symbols, foreign words, formulas and other valuable printed information. In addition to all details from the printed editions, online publications contain references to other encyclopedias, the Internet links, cross-references, search opportunities and so on.
For the quality and quantity of its content and presentation the Rubricon project and its website (www.rubricon.com) won 4 major Russian Internet awards in years 2001-2002:
Great Soviet Encyclopedia
The full text of the third (last) edition of "Great Soviet Encyclopedia", published by “Sovyetskaya Encyclopedia” in 1969-1978. 31 volumes contain 95,279 articles, 33,300 illustrations and maps. "Great Soviet Encyclopedia" is one of the largest and most authoritative universal encyclopedias in the world. Some of the most eminent scientists of Soviet Union were involved in scientific management, writing and editing the articles. Most of the articles presented in the encyclopedia still contain actual and valuable information. Some items, that are obsolete, have a lasting historical interest.
Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary
Over 16,900 articles, 7,600 illustrations and maps, “Bolshaya Rossiyskaya Encyclopedia” (BRE), 1998. The universal edition covers all branches of knowledge. The dictionary was awarded the premium of Association of publishers of Russia for innovation in preparation and a setting.
Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary
Over 70,000 articles, and 2,200 illustrations and maps, BRE, 2001, 2 volumes. The full text of "Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary", issued in 2001 by publishing house "Bolshaya Rossiyskaya Encyclopedia". The largest universal encyclopedic edition in Russia in the last 20 years.
Brockhaus & Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary
Over 5,000 selected articles (modern spelling) from 86 volume edition of 1890-1907 and from unfinished edition of 1911-1916.
New Dictionary of the Russian Language by T. Efremova
136,013 entrees, over 250,000 semantic units, “Russkiy Yazyk”, 2000, 2 volumes. It is the philological dictionary of the academic type. Both Russian, and a world lexicography achievements were taken into account at its creation.
Vladimir Dahl's Dictionary of the Great Russian Language,
Around 200,000 words and 30,000 proverbs in more then 44,000 entries, modern spelling. Based on 6th edition by State Publishing House of Foreign and National Dictionaries, 1955, 4 volumes (based on original edition published in 1863-66). It is the real encyclopedia of Russian national life, mentality and the character, as found in their reflection in speech.
English-Russian / Russian-English Dictionary of American English by G. Chernov
Over 35,000 entries (over 16,500 in Russian-English section and 18,000 in English Russian section, and over 2,000 geographical terms), “Glossarium”, 2001. It is focused on the American version of English that has affected the selection of lexicon and representation of such features as pronunciation, grammar and spelling. Contains sets of words and expressions which cannot be found in other bilingual dictionaries.
Concise Medical Encyclopedia
3,636 articles, 4,202 illustrations, “Medical Encyclopedia”, 1991-1996, 6 volumes. It is addressed to doctors and medical workers in all areas of healthcare. Contains answers to many questions connected to health, illnesses and methods of treatment.
First Aid Encyclopedia
221 articles, 298 illustrations, BRE, 1994. The popular encyclopedia for a wide range of the users without special medical education. Contains methods of first aid and the recommendations on care for the patients.
Encyclopedic Dictionary of Medical Terms
40,206 articles and 60,000 terms, “Sovetskaia Encyklopedia”, 1982-84, 3 volumes. Contains brief scientific definitions of the terms used in the modern medical literature.
Aircraft Encyclopedia
2,638 articles, 2,900 illustrations, BRE, 1994. Scientific-reference media. Contains extensive information on history and the present stage of development of aircraft and aeronautics.
The Encyclopedia of Ships
1,256 articles and 1,256 illustrations, plus 45 articles in Attachments, Poligon, 1997. The most known ships of the different countries are collected in the encyclopedia.
Encyclopedic Dictionary of World History
Over 2,300 articles, 930 illustrations, BRE, 1999. The encyclopedia provides data on the ancient states and cities, cultures and civilizations, governors and dynasties, on the most outstanding politicians and the major historical events.
History of Russia: Encyclopedic Dictionary
4,500 articles, BRE, 1998. The first experience of the one-volume encyclopedic edition covering all periods of Russian history since the most ancient times up to the end of XX century. In appendices: the chronological table, a historical sketch, the bibliography, heads of the state, the chapter of Russian orthodox church, etc.
Encyclopedia of Russian-American Relations 18-19 centuries by E. Ivanian
1320 articles, 500 illustrations (illustrations available only in Internet edition), “Mezhdunarodnuie Otnoshenia”, 2001. The edition covers three hundred years period during which relations between Russia and the USA were developed. It contains the information on all major events in history of these states, their politics, economics, culture, science, sports and communications. In appendices: the list of ambassadors of both countries, chronology, the bibliography, a selection of agreements and treaties.
World Biographical Dictionary
Over 23,200 articles, BRE, 1998. Brief information about historical and modern figures of all spheres of human activity of the various countries and nations of the world.
1917: Biographical Dictionary of Russian Politicians
319 biographies, 213 illustrations, BRE, 1993. This edition for the first time gives detailed biographies of many politicians and other personalities who participated in critical events of 1917. The edition is prepared on the basis of unknown before sources, including the closed archives.
Russian Constitution: Encyclopedic Dictionary
430 articles linked to full text of Russian Constitution, BRE, 1997. Contains the detailed and systematized information on the Constitution of Russian Federation. Contains the basic legal concepts used in the Constitution and other sources of a constitutional law. Special for the Internet-version: the full text of the Constitution of Russia with links to the Dictionary.
Moscow Encyclopedia
3,800 articles, 1000 illustrations and maps, BRE, 1997. The encyclopedia has been published to the 850-years anniversary of Moscow. Contains information on capital of Russia, its geography, history and architecture, streets, squares and institutions. Biographical articles are included: about grand dukes of Moscow, leaders of Russia and governors, town-planners, artists and scientists, businessmen and patrons of art, about explorers of Moscow.
St. Petersburg: An Encyclopedic Reference
3043 articles, 772 illustrations and maps, BRE, 1992. Contains information on the northern capital of Russia, its geography and history, its unique architecture, the squares, streets and avenues, about scientific, cultural and educational institutions, the largest industrial enterprises. The set of articles is devoted to people, whose life and activity is connected to Saint Petersburg.
Encyclopedia of Russian Cities
1,200 articles, over 1,000 illustrations and maps, BRE, 1994. Gives the information on history of the cities, industries, architecture, monuments and sights. Data on theatres, museums, higher educational institutions, scientific research institutes are resulted. Outstanding personalities, whose life has been connected to the given city, are mentioned.
Russian Geography
4,340 articles, over 800 illustrations and maps, BRE, 1998. Contains articles about cities and subjects of the Russian Federation, and also articles about the seas, rivers and lakes, islands and peninsulas, about mountains, plains, caves, and deposits of minerals. The information on historical objects, architectural monuments, resorts, the centers of national crafts, tourist objects is included as well. Protected natural reserves and national parks are characterized.
World's Legends and Lore
3,659 articles, 1,649 illustrations, “Sovetskaya Encyclopedia”, 1980. Mythological concepts of nations are outlined in the encyclopedia; its articles are devoted to gods, spirits, demigods and demonic characters, epic heroes, and also the basic mythological motives and images.
World's Peoples and Religions
2,634 articles (1,262 articles in Peoples of the World section, 490 articles in World's Religions), 757 ethnographical terms, 2,000 illustrations, BRE, 1998, 2 volumes. The edition represents a summarized systematic knowledge about ethnic and religious groups which exist in the modern world. Contains sections: nations of the world, religions of the world, the dictionary of ethnologic concepts, and an ethnographic glossary. The electronic version is supplemented with references to Internet resources and survey and help articles of experts of Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Illustrated Popular Bible Encyclopedia (1891)
4574 articles, 5 maps and plans, modern spelling. The full text of "The Illustrated Full Popular Bible Encyclopedia" of archimandrite Nikifor, published in 1891. The encyclopedia contains data on bible archeology, architecture, astronomy, geography, biology, a military science, agriculture, arts, mineralogy, medicine, mathematics, numismatics, pedagogics, physics, ethnography, etc. Contains biographies of bible figures.
Encyclopedia of Africa
Around 4,600 articles, over 2,200 illustrations and 200 maps, “Sovetskaya Encyclopedia”, 1986-1987. Contains the all-round information on the African continent, on geography, history, culture, political and economic development of the African countries and peoples.
Americana English-Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary
21,000 articles (1,000 and all the illustrations prepared for Internet edition), “Polygramma”, 1996. The printed edition was recognized as "the Best book of year" and awarded the premium of UNESCO. Contains materials on history, the state, economic and social system, the literature and art, and also daily life of the USA. Significant place is allocated to biographies of national heroes, political figures and statesmen, scientists, representatives of culture and art of the USA.
Latin America: A Reference
over 5,200 articles, 2,100 illustrations, 130 maps, “Sovetskaya Encyclopedia”, 1979-1982. The all-round information on the nature, the population and history of all countries of Latin America since the most ancient times till 70th of XX century is given. Contains complex reviews of the separate countries of Latin America, articles about objects of physical and economic geography, articles about historical events, memorials, about peoples, languages, ancient cultures and monuments of art. The significant place is allocated to biographies of national heroes, political and statesmen, scientists, representatives of culture and art of Latin America.
Dictionary of Australia and New Zealand
3,011 entries, around 5,000 semantic units, “Russkiy Yazyk”, 1998. Represents the original guidebook across Australia and New Zealand, the Australian and New Zealand ways of life and the national cultures, reflected in corresponding variants of English language.
Dictionary of Great Britain
9,561 articles, “Russkiy Yazik”, 2000. Gives interpretation of the word-combinations designating concepts, connected with features of a way of life, history and national traditions of the country which are not reflected in usual language dictionaries. The dictionary covers all parties of a life of the Great Britain: a state system, economy, culture, education, life, national traditions, and national sports.
Popular Encyclopedia of Art
3,700 articles, 2,400 illustrations, BRE, 1999, 2 volumes. The popular terminological reference. The primary goal of the encyclopedia is to acquaint common visitors of museums and art exhibitions with the largest phenomena of the world fine arts, architecture, with outstanding artists, sculptors, and architects. Contains the basic terminology of the theory and history of art.
Old Masters: World Encyclopedia of Classic Art
954 articles, 1,552 illustrations (based on the joint multimeda product of Autopan, Galart Co. and BRE). Articles about life and creativity of outstanding artists, sculptors and architects since ancient times prior to the beginning of XX century, about significant products of 34 genres of art, information on the largest museums of the world, the terminological dictionary.
Stars of Russian Ballet
Over 100 articles and 200 illustrations, BRE, 1998. Survey sketches are placed in historical sequence. Each sketch is linked to number of creative portraits of masters of the ballet working on a stage at that time.
Encyclopedia of Rock Music by Sergey Kostalsky
1,357 articles, 964 illustrations, 210 reviews, 49 articles about musical styles. Includes articles about rock groups and articles about solo musicians, reviews of famous albums, articles about musical styles in author’s classification, texts of songs, and the digest of press.
Encyclopedic Dictionary of Cinema
3,988 articles, 900 illustrations, “Sovetskaya Encyclopedia”, 1987. Articles about history and the theory of motion picture arts, figures of cinema of the USSR and other countries.
Russian Cinema. Encyclopedia of Movie Actors
95 articles, 93 illustrations, Scientific Research Institute of Motion Picture Arts, “Materik”, 2001. Biographic articles about film actors of Russia and the countries of the former USSR. All articles are accompanied by portraits and a filmography.
US Cinema. Encyclopedia of Movie Actors
310 articles, 250 illustrations, Scientific Research Institute of Motion Picture Arts, “Materik”, 2002. Contains articles about actors of American cinema and indexes of films. Each article is accompanied by a portraits and filmography in Russian and English languages.
US Cinema. Encyclopedia of Film Directors
270 articles, Scientific Research Institute of Motion Picture Arts, “Materik”, 2002. Contains articles about directors which have contributed to the American cinema. Each article includes a filmography and the bibliography.
Europe Cinema. Encyclopedia of Film Directors
213 articles, Scientific Research Institute of Motion Picture Arts, “Materik”, 2002. Contains articles about outstanding directors which have contributed to the European cinema. Each article includes filmography and bibliography.
Asia, Africa, Australia, Latin America Cinema. Encyclopedia of Film Directors
215 articles, Scientific Research Institute of Motion Picture Arts, “Materik”, 2002. Contains articles about directors and lists of movies.
Glossary of Industrial Organization Economics and Competition Law
207 terms, Russian translation of OECD's reference, “Ves' Mir”, 1997
Glossary of Finance and Debt
English-French-Spanish-Russian dictionary - 1,372 articles, “Ves' Mir”, 1997. Russian translation of the reference of the World Bank. Keywords of the financial and currency markets, loans and crediting, the economic and financial analysis.
The World Statistics Pocketbook World's Countries 2000
Russian translation of United Nation's Statistic reference. Data on 208 countries and territories, “Ves' Mir”, 2001, based on information from the Department of Statistics and Department of Population of the UN, and other authoritative international statistical services and organizations.
The Little Data Book. 2000
Russian translation of World Bank's Statistic reference, Ves' Mir, 2001. Contains summary tables on geographical regions and 206 tables for contries.
OECD in Figures. 2000
Russian translation of OECD in Figures. Statistics on the Member Countries, “Ves' Mir”, 2001.
Dictionary of Agriculture
4,209 articles, 790 illustrations, BRE, 1998. Contains articles on agriculture, animal industries, land improvement, agro chemistry and soil science, veterinary science, selection, seed-growing, and agricultural production economics.
Veterinary
3,662 articles, 831 illustrations, BRE, 1998. The unique scientific - reference title prepared by collective of scientists and veterinaries. The main attention is given to the description of illnesses of animals (including birds, fur animals, fishes and bees), including dangerous to people, and to their diagnostics, treatment and preventive maintenance. Contains data on the theory and practice of veterinary science. Useful both for experts, and for a wide range of readers - owners of pets, hunters, fishermen, etc.
Household Encyclopedia
200 articles, over 450 illustrations, BRE, 1998. The popular reference contains practical advices on furnishings and arrangement of dwellings and care of it.
House Pets: a Reference
700 articles, over 690 illustrations, BRE, 1994. There are over 200 breeds of service, hunting and decorative dogs and about 40 breeds of cats described in the encyclopedia. Various aquarium fishes, birds, rodents and other animals which can be contained in a city apartment and in the rural house are described too.
Encyclopedic Dictionary of Official Terminology
836 articles, U. I. Fedinsky. Moscow, 2002. The electronic dictionary includes official terms and their definitions in all areas of Russian life except for economy and the finance. All definitions, concepts and terms are represented by textually exact quotations. Each entry contains a reference to the official source with its document number, name and date of acceptance.
Encyclopedic Dictionary of Official Terms in Economics and Finance
2024 articles, U. I. Fedinsky. Moscow, 2002. The reference includes terms of economy and the finance and their definitions in legal documents of the Russian Federation. All terms and their definitions are matched with texts of official documents. Each definition contains the reference to a source.
Investment Funds
165 articles, 38 illustrations, “Kommersant”, 2001. Contains information useful to the potential investor in this type of funds: history of shared funds, building of an investment portfolio, purchase and sale of assets, the control and an estimation of activity of funds. The unique reference section includes information on the Russian shared investment funds and the managing companies.
Information Technologies
365 articles, “Kommersant”, 2002. Contains articles about the major companies - suppliers of IÒ products and services in Russia, and to persons who brought the greatest contribution to development of the domestic IÒ industry.
Largest Banks and Their Owners
1339 articles, “Kommersant”, 2002. The reference contains detailed data on 100 largest Russian banks, and also about 50 organizations which are owners of large holdings in banks of Russia. The personal section represents key figures of bank business of Russia.
Social theories of the organization
260 articles, “INFRA-M”, 2000. The basic concepts and approaches of the modern theory of the organization are considered in the dictionary
Modern Dictionary of Financy and Credit
About 2500 articles, “INFRA-M”, 2002. The modern conditions of financial, monetary and credit relations, insurance and currency activities of the organizations, are reflected in the dictionary.
Concise Dictionary of Sociology
The dictionary gives brief interpretations of frequently used sociological concepts. Useful for the professionals in social work.
19 Books for Business Education printed in 1996-2003 by different
publishers.
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